Vertical shaft rock crusher with abbreviated table



D. E. HERMAN VERTICAL SHAFT ROCK CRUSHER WITH ABBREVIATED TABLE FiledNov. 20

Feb. 9, 1965 INVENTOR. 082772645! @Jlm POWER MEANS spending Wear plate.

United States Patent Ofilice 3,1583% Patented Feb. 9, 1965 3,16$,991VERTHIAL SHAFT ROCK CRUSHER WITH ABBREVIATED TABLE Donald E. Herman,Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assiguor to Pettibone Muiliken Corporation, acorporation of Delaware Filed Nov. 26, 1963, er. No. 325,101 9 Claims.(Cl. 241-275) The present invention relates to an improved tablestructure for a vertical shaft rock crushing machine, and the followingdisclosure is offered for public dissemination upon the grant of apatent therefor.

The present invention is an improvement of the ap paratus of patentapplication Serial No. 202,733, filed June 15, 1962, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference. Rock crushers of this generaltype have a table which rotates about a vertical axis, and is surroundedby an anvil. The rock to be crushed is deposited upon the centralportion of the table. The table has a plurality of shoes facing in aforward direction with respect to the direction of rotation. The priorapparatus of this type achieved a crushing action both by an impactbetween the rock and the rotating shoes, and by throwing the rock fromthe table against the surrounding stationary anvil at which point it wasimpacted again.

The above-identified application represents a novel concept in that thebreaking up of the rock is achieved primarily by impacting against thestationary anvil. The table structure, and particularly the positionalrelationship of the shoes thereon, was such as to lessen the impact ofthe rock and, thus reduce the wear of the table structure. Thus, thefunction of the shoes is primarily merely that of a propelling means.While the apparatus disclosed and claimed in that application has made asubstantial stride forward in the art, further improvements therein havebeen achieved by the use of the present invention.

In the present invention the frictional drag of the rock moving from thecentral portion of the table across the table at the faces of the shoeshas been further reduced. This achieves a smoother and more rapid flowof the rock from the central portion of the table to the discharge pointat the end of the shoes without any reduction in the velocity at whichthe rock is discharged for impact against the anvil. A second advantageis in the reduction in wear of portions of the table. Wear is aconstantproblem in crushers of this type, and with very abrasivematerials it can be a most serious problem. For example, with extremelyabrasive materials portions of the table structure are, without thisinvention, worn to a point at which replacement is required after only afew hours of operation.

Because of the wear problem, it is customary to cover a horizontalsupporting plate of the table with a corre- These two plates arereleasably connected together, usually by bolts, so that the wear platecan be replaced after it has deteriorated to a point at which it is nolonger serviceable. In many instances the rock rebounding from the anvilimpacts against the outer edges of the wear plate and the supportingplate therebelow. These impacts are particularly forceful because of therelatively high lineal velocity of the peripheral In some instances therock actually portions of the table. works its way between the twoplates at the outer edges forcing the plates apart and bending them. Thestructure of the present invention prevents this from happening.

The objects of thepresent invention are achieved by using a tablestructure in which the rock supporting surface covers only the centralarea of the table and terminates adjacent the inner ends of the shoes.The table surface extends outwardly past the inner ends of the shoessufiiciently to allow the rock to move in a smooth flow pattern to theinner ends of the working faces of the shoes, but from that point nolower support for the rock is provided. It might appear that with such astructure the rock merely would fall downwardly from the shoes to thebottom of the crusher and, thus, not be impacted against the anvil toachieve the desired crushing. However, this is not the case. So long asthe table is rotating at a speed in excess of about 200 r.p.m., thecontact of the rock with the forward shoe face, and the speed ofmovement of the rock outwardly across the shoe face, are such that therock travels across the shoe face in substantially the same fashion asit would were there a table surface therebelow and is discharged at theouter end of the shoe for impacting against the anvil. This minimumspeed of rotation is well below the speed of rotation dictated by otherfactors present, particularly the factor of achieving sufiicient rockvelocity at discharge to obtain the impacting required to fracture therock. Generally speaking, the speed of the table will be more nearlyrepresented by velocities in the 6001200 rpm. range.

The shoe face extends both above and below the central supportingsurface for the rock. This insures that such downward movement of therock as might occur will not result in the rock falling away from theshoe face before it reaches its terminal velocity at the outer,discharge, end thereof. Furthermore, the leading edges of the supportingplate (which holds the central wear plate, shoes, etc.) is protectedagainst the damage from rock rebounding from the anvil which occurred inprior art devices.

Further objects and advantages of the invent-ion will be apparent fromthe following description taken in conjunction with the drawings inwhich:

FIGURE 1 is a horizontal section through a crusher and illustrating inplan view an embodiment of the invention; and

FIGURE 2 is a vertical section as viewed at line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.

Although the following disclosure offered for public dissemination isdetailed to ensure adequacy and aid understanding, this is not intendedto prejudice that purpose of a patent which is to cover each newinventive concept therein no matter how others may later disguise it byVariations in form or additions or further improvements. The claims atthe end hereof are intended. as the chief aid toward this purpose; as itis these that meet the requirement of pointing out the parts,improvements, or combinations in which the inventive concepts are found.

The crusher of the illustrated embodiment includes a frame, generallyIt), in the form of a casing which defines an enclosure in which therock crushing operation is carried out. Secured to the Walls of theenclosure is an anvil 11 having a plurality of impacting faces 12.Centrally located within the casing is a table structure or slinger,generally 13, onto which the rock is deposited through a chute 14.Slinger 13 is secured to a shaft 15 suitably journaled in a pedestal 15of frame 10. Shaft 15 is operatively connected to a power means 17 forrotation in the direction indicated by arrow 18.

Slinger 13 comprises a circular hub 20 secured to shaft 15. A supportingplate 21 is afiiXed to hub 20 as by means of bolts 22. A wear plate 23covers the central portion of supporting plate 21 and is releasablyafiiXed thereto as by means of bolts 24. The position of bolts 24 issuch as to be out of the normal path of flow of the rock across theupper surface of wear plate 23. The outer limits of the path of flow ofthe rock on the upper surface of plate 23 is indicated approximately bylines 25. This particular path of flow is determined by the position ofbaffles 26 in conjunction with the rotation of the table and the centraldeposition of the rock through chute 14. The baffles should bepositioned (to achieve the best fiow pattern) so that the angle betweena radial line to the leading end 26a of the baffle and a radial linenormal to the inner face of the baffle is at least 12 degrees. In thepreferred embodiments this angle is about 37 /2 degrees.

Secured to and projecting upwardly from supporting plate 21 are a pairof L-shaped brackets each having two arms 29 and 30. The brackets arewelded to supporting plate 21 and are reinforced by braces 31 and 32,likewise welded both to the supporting plate 21 and to the bracket.Baflles 26 are secured to arms 36 by means of bolts 33. Bolts 33 aresymmetrically positioned with respect to baflles 26 to permit thebaflles to be removed and turned end for end as wear occurs. Shoes 35,forming the propelling means, are suitably afiixed to arms 29 of thebrackets. In the illustrated embodiment each shoe has a mounting stud 36which passes through a corresponding opening in arm 29. A Wedge 3-7 isinserted through a substantially horizontal opening in stud 36 and isreleasably held in place by means such as cotter pin 38. Openings 3% areprovided in arms to facilitate the insertion and removal of wedges 37.It will be noted that the large ends of the Wedges are inwardly whilethe small ends are outwardly. Thus, centrifugal force acts on the wedgesto hold the shoes securely in place.

In the illustrated embodiment it will be noted that the wear plate 23which defines the rock supporting surface of the table has a centralportion 230 onto which the rock is initially deposited through chute 14.There are two end portions 23b to provide a support for the flow of rockoutwardly past the leading ends 2641 of baffles 2s. Shoes have a frontor working face 35a, each with its inner end 35b immediately adjacentthe forwardly ends 26a of the baffles. The shoes extend outwardly to theouter end 350 thereof. The shoes have a line of alignment (in theillustrated embodiment the chord of the curved front face 35a) such thatthe shoes are laid back with respect to a radial line therethrough.Thus, for example, the front face 35w angles rearwardly (considering thedirection of rotation) with respect to a radial line drawn through theinner end 35b thereof. The specific positioning of the shoes is furtherdescribed and claimed in application No. 202,733, filed June 15, 196 2.

As the rock is deposited on the central portion 23a of the wear plate23, it flows outwardly about the leading ends 2601 of the baflles 26. Atthis point it moves onto the front faces 35a of the shoes. While therock no longer receives physical support from below, it is propelledacross the front faces 35a to the outer ends 350 thereof so fast that itdoes not have time to drop significantly. At this latter point the rockis discharged from the slinger and impacts against faces 12 of anvil 11.The latter impact fractures the rock which falls downwardly within thecasing to be discharged from the bottom thereof.

Although some of the rock or fragments may rebound into the path of theouter rotating parts, they normally will only be struck by faces 35a ofshoes 35. All other .outer rotating parts are substantially protectedbehind shoes 35, as seen best in FIGURE 2. Faces 35:: are

7 preferably of a material of high wear resistance. The

rebounding material does not appreciably shorten the life of shoes 35because the. rebound wear is scattered. In fact fragments which wouldhappen to be positioned to hit along the zone worn by the rock movingoutwardly, as it is being slung, will for the most part strike this rockinstead of the shoe.

The term rock as employed-herein is used loosely to identify materialswhich might be disintegrated by impacts. Another example of a materialcommonly broken in this I manner is slag.

1 frame for rotation about an approximately vertical axis, Said shaftadapted to be connected to said power means d for rotation in a givendirection; an approximately horizontal table mounted on said shaft forrotation therewith, said table having a central portion intersected bysaid axis, wall means extending upwardly from sides of said centralportion and defining side openings therebetween, and peripheral portionsat said openings extending outwardly from and forming extensions of saidcentral portion, said wall means having a leading end when consideredwith respect to said direction of rotation; propelling means secured tothe shaft for rotation therewith, said propelling means having an innerend adjacent the leading end of the wall means, said propelling meansextending outwardly from the table and wall means to an outer end, saidpropelling means having portions above and below vthe top of saidportions of the table; and anvil means about the path of rotation of thepropelling means.

2. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like and for usewith a power means, said crusher comprising in combination: a frame; ashaft jouinaled in said frame for rotation about an approximatelyvertical axis, said shaft adapted to be connected to said power meansfor rotation in a given direction; an approximately horizontal tablemounted on said shaft for rotation therewith, said table having acentral portion intersected by said axis, wall means extending upwardlyfrom sides of said central portion and defining side openingstherebetween, and peripheral portions at said openings extendingoutwardly from and forming extensions of said central portion, said wallmeans including two baifies extending upwardly from said central portionand each having a leading and a trailing end with respect to thedirection of rotation, said baflies being so positioned that a line fromsaid axis normal to the baffle intersects the baffle between the leadingand trailing ends thereof; propelling means secured to the shaft forrotation therewith, said propelling means having an inner end adjacentthe leading end of the wall means, said propelling means extendingoutwardly from the table and wall means to an outer end, said propellingmeans having portions above and below the top of said portions of thetable; means to direct the flow of material onto said table; and anvilmeans about the path of rotation of the propelling means.

3. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like for use with apower means, said crusher comprising in combination: a frame; a shaftiournaled in said frame for rotation about an approximately verticalaxis, said shaft adapted to be connected to said power means forrotation in a given direction; an approximately horizontal table mountedon said shaft for rotation therewith, said table having a centralportion intersected by said axis, wall means extending upwardly fromsides of said central portion and defining side openings therebetween,and peripheral portions at said openings extending outwardly from andforming extensions of said central portion, said peripheral portionshaving sides and an end spaced from the central portion, said wall meansincluding two baifies extending upwardly from said central portion andeach having a leading and trailing end with respect to the direction ofrotation, said bafiles being so positioned that a line from said axisnormal to the baflle intersects the bafiie between the leading andtrailing ends thereof; propelling means secured to the shaft forrotation therewith, said propelling means including two replaceableshoes each having a front face with an inner end and an outer end, theinner end of the shoes being adjacent the leading ends of the bafflesrespectively, the front face of each shoe being laid back with respectto a radial line through the inner end of the shoe, said shoes having anouter end spaced out wardly from the sides of the peripheral portions;means to directthe flow of material onto said table; and anvil meansabout the path of rotation of the propelling means.

' 4. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like and for usewith a power means, said crusher coms,1es,991

prising in combination: a frame defining an enclosure; an approximatelyhorizontal support member positioned in said enclosure and having acentral portion with a plurality of wings extending outwardly anddefining leading edges on each wing; a shoe mounted on each wing withthe shoe extending above and below the top of the support member at theleading edge thereof, each shoe having an inner end with the shoeextending outwardly therefrom; a plurality of bafiles mounted on thesupport member and extending upwardly therefrom, each battle having aleading end adjacent an inner end of a shoe respectively and with thebathe extending rearwardly from the leading end and defining a wallalong a side of the central portion of the support member; a wear platedefining a table between the baffles, said plate extending forwardlybeyond the leading ends of the baffles with the sides thereof adjacentthe inner ends of the shoes; shaft means secured to and extendingdownwardly from the central portion of the support member, said shaftmeans being journaled in said frame and being adapted to be connected tothe power means for rotation in a direction such that the leading endsof the battles move forwardly; means to direct the flow of material ontosaid table; and anvil means about the path of rotation of the shoes.

5. A crusher ior material such as rock, slag and the like and for usewith a power means, said crusher comprising in combination: a framedefining an enclosure; an approximately horizontal support memberpositioned in said enclosure and having a central portion with a pair ofwings extending outwardly and defining leading edges on each wing; agenerally oblong wear plate mounted on and secured to the centralportion of the support member and having its long sides adjacent eachwing and the short sides extending across the part of the support memberbetween the wings; a pair of L-shaped brackets secured to the supportmember, each bracket having two arms normal to the support member, afirst arm of each bracket being adjacent and parallel to a long siderespectively of the wear plate, the other arm of each bracket extendingparallel to and adjacent a leading edge respectively of the wings;upwardly extending bafiies secured to the first arms respectively of thebrackets; shoes removably secured to the other arms respectively of thebrackets and extending below the top of the support plate at therespective leading edges; shaft means secured to and extendingdownwardly from the central portion of the support member, said shaftmeans being journaled in said frame and being adapted to be connected tothe power means for rotation in a direction such that the shoes moveforwardly; means to direct the flow of material onto said wear plate;and anvil means about the path of rotation of the shoes.

6. In an apparatus for crushing material such as rock, slag and thelike, including a generally horizontal table rotating about a verticalaxis and with shoes thereon about which the material deposited on thecentral portion of the table moves outwardly to be thrown againstbreaker means outside of the table, the improvement comprising: saidtable terminating at about the inner ends of the shoes so that there isno support under the material as it moves across the shoes.

7. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like and for usewith a powerirneans, said crusher comprising in combination: a framedefining an enclosure;

an approximately horizontal support member positioned in said enclosureand having a central portion with a plurality of Wings extendingoutwardly and defining leading edges on each wing; a pair of L-shapedbrackets secured to the support member, each bracket having two armsnormal to the support member, a first arm of each bracket extendingalong a side respectively of the central portion, the other arm of eachbracket extending parallel to and adjacent a leading edge respectivelyof the wings, each first arm having an opening therethrough adjacent theother arm, the other arm having an opening therethrough at about thecenter thereof; a pair of shoes releasably attached to the other armsrespectively, each shoe having a rearwardly extending stud on the shoeprojecting through the opening in the respective other arm, each studhaving an approximately horizontal opening therethrough at the rear ofsaid other arm, and a wedge through said stud opening with the large endof the wedge inwardly and the small end outwardly whereby centrifugalforce tends to tighten the wedge, said wedges being of a size to passthrough the openings in the first arms; a wear plate on the centralportion of the support member with its sides being inwardly of saidshoes; shaft means secured to and extending downwardly from the centralportion of the support member, said shaft means being journaled in saidframe and being adapted. to be connected to the power means for rotationin a direction such that the leading ends of the bal'fies moveforwardly; means to direct the flow of material onto said wear plate;and anvil means about the path of rotation of the shoes.

8. In an apparatus for crushing material such as rock, slag and thelike, including a generally horizontal table rotating about a verticalaxis and with shoes thereon about which shoes the material deposited onthe central portion of the table moves outwardly to be thrown againstbreaker means outside of the table, the improvement comprising: abracket extending upwardly from said table and having an inner endcloser to the axis than is the outer end, said bracket having an openingtherethrough from front to back; a shoe positioned against the front ofthe bracket, said shoe having a stud extending through said opening,said stud having an approximately horizontal opening therethroughrearwardly of the back of the bracket; and a wedge in said stud openingwith the large end of the wedge being inwardly and the small endoutwardly, whereby centrifugal force tends to tighten the wedge.

9. In an apparatus for crushing material such as rock, slag and thelike, including a generally horizontal table rotating about a verticalaxis and with shoes thereon about which the material deposited on thecentral portion of the table moves outwardly to be thrown againstbreaker means outside of the table, the improvement comprising: thespace ahead of the outer portion of each shoe being open throughout arebound area extending substantially below the level of the table topwhereby material rebounding from the anvil means will be strucksubstantially only by said shoes.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,532,742 Hadsel Apr. 7, 1925 2,752,098 Adams June 26, 1956 2,991,949Sellars July 11, 1961 3,032,169 Bridgewater May 1, 1962

1. A CRUSHER FOR MATERIAL SUCH AS ROCK, SLAG AND THE LIKE AND FOR USE WITH A POWER MEANS, SAID CRUSHER COMPRISING IN COMBINATION: A FRAME; A SHAFT JOURNALED IN SAID FRAME FOR ROTATION ABOUT AN APPROXIMATELY VERTICAL AXIS, SAID SHAFT ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO SAID POWER MEANS FOR ROTATION IN A GIVEN DIRECTION; AN APPROXIMATELY HORIZONTAL TABLE MOUNTED ON SAID SHAFT FOR ROTATION THEREWITH, SAID TABLE HAVING A CENTRAL PORTION INTERSECTED BY SAID AXIS, WALL MEANS EXTENDING UPWARDLY FORM SIDES OF SAID CENTRAL PORTION AND DEFINING SIDE OPENINGS THEREBETWEEN, AND PERIPHERAL PORTIONS AT SAID OPENINGS EXTENDING OUTWARDLY FROM AND FORMING EXTENSIONS OF SAID CENTRAL PORTION, SAID WALL MEANS HAVING A LEADING END WHEN CONSIDERED WITH RESPECT TO SAID DIRECTION OF ROTATION; PROPELLING MEANS SECURED TO THE SHAFT FOR ROTATION THEREWITH, SAID PROPELLING MEANS HAVING AN INNER END ADJACENT THE LEADING END OF THE WALL MEANS, SAID PROPELLING MEANS EXTENDING OUTWARDLY FROM THE TABLE AND WALL MEANS TO AN OUTER END, 